Mole Assessment and Removal

Mole assessments and checks are very popular to reduce concerns about skin cancer

What is a Mole?

A mole is a growth of pigment cells on the skin’s surface. Most moles, known as common moles, are benign and generally pose no risk to the individual. However, in some cases, moles can become cancerous, so mole assessments and regular mole checks are essential in early prevention as well as managing and reducing any concerns you may have about skin cancer.

A common mole, or melanocytic naevus, is a pigmented spot on the skin that develops when pigment cells, called melanocytes, cluster together. While some moles may be present from birth, they often appear during childhood and increase throughout adolescence. By adulthood, most people will have between 10 and 40 moles on their body. Moles may darken during pregnancy and usually begin to fade around 50.

Most skin cancers are caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, whether from natural sunlight or artificial sources like tanning beds. Overexposure to UV rays can cause DNA damage in skin cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and, potentially, the development of skin cancer.

Types of Skin Cancer

Three common types of skin cancer may develop in or near moles or even as new growths. These include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

Melanoma

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytes, the cells producing melanin, the pigment responsible for skin colour. It is considered the most dangerous form of skin cancer due to its higher risk of spreading to other parts of the body if not detected and treated promptly.

Moles, or nevi, are clusters of melanocytes that usually appear as small, dark brown spots on the skin. While most moles are benign and non-cancerous, melanoma can sometimes develop within a mole or on otherwise normal-looking skin.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer. Although it is less dangerous than melanoma, it can cause significant local tissue damage if left untreated. Basal cell carcinoma can manifest in various ways, such as a shiny, small lump or a crusty, non-healing nodule, patch, or ulcer on the skin.

Unlike melanoma, basal cell carcinoma rarely spreads to other body parts. However, treating and removing these lesions is still crucial to prevent them from growing and damaging surrounding tissue. Fortunately, the growth rate of basal cell carcinoma is slow, making it relatively easy to cure when addressed early.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma is less common than basal cell carcinoma but can pose a slightly higher risk. It appears as red, skin-coloured, or crusty lumps on the skin. While there is a small chance that squamous cell carcinoma may spread to other parts of the body, this risk is minimal if the cancer is treated early.

Dermatologist applying marks onto patient's skin before moles removal, closeup

What Are the Risk Factors for Skin Cancer?

Anyone can develop skin cancer, but certain individuals are more likely to be affected due to specific risk factors. These include:

Excessive UV Exposure: Frequent or intense exposure to UV rays significantly increases the risk of skin cancer. UV radiation damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to uncontrolled growth and potentially causing skin cancers.

Family History: A family history of skin cancer, especially melanoma, can elevate the risk. Genetic predispositions play a role in increasing susceptibility.

Immunosuppressive Medications: Using medications that suppress the immune system can also increase the risk of skin cancer. These drugs impair the immune system’s ability to detect and combat infections that could ultimately lead to the development of a cancerous growth.

When Should I Start Worrying About My Mole?

If you observe any changes in existing moles or notice the appearance of new moles or lesions, it is crucial to have them checked promptly. Early detection is important because if these growths are cancerous, the cells can increase rapidly, potentially leading to extensive and harmful growth that could adversely affect your overall health and impact larger areas of your body.

You should consider having your mole checked if you notice any new moles or lesions or if existing moles begin to change in shape, size, or colour. These changes could indicate potential health risks.

To identify warning signs of cancerous changes in moles or freckles, remember the ABCDE rule:

Asymmetry: Irregular or asymmetrical shape

Border: Edges that are irregular or blurred

Colour: Uneven colour with various shades of black, brown, or pink

Diameter: Rapid changes in size, with most melanomas being at least 6mm

Evolving: Changes in size, shape, or colour, or if the mole begins to bleed or scab

If you observe any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek advice from a specialist.

Procedure Overview

Depending on the size and location of the mole, either non-surgical methods or local anaesthesia may be used for removal.

What Happens During a Mole Check?

During a mole assessment and check, you will first be asked a series of questions about your concerns regarding your skin and moles and any family history of skin cancer. This initial consultation helps the specialist understand your specific situation. Following this, your skin will be examined using a special instrument known as a dermatoscope, which allows for a thorough evaluation of your moles. Based on this assessment, your consultant will provide an accurate diagnosis and, if necessary, outline a plan to remove any moles that may pose a risk.

Methods of Mole Removal

Laser Removal: This technique is ideal for small, raised moles, especially in areas where minimal scarring is important, such as on the face. Laser removal uses light energy to break down the melanin pigment in the mole, effectively removing it.

Shave Removal: Shave removal is a suitable option for moles that protrude from the skin. Under local anaesthetic, a surgical blade shaves off the mole, leaving it slightly beneath the skin’s surface. This method results in a pink indent that gradually fades over time.

Excision Removal: This method is best for larger moles concerned about regrowth. Excision involves the surgical removal of the mole and a small border of healthy surrounding skin under local anaesthetic. The procedure requires stitches to close the wound, resulting in a small scar that will diminish over time.

woman showing her Birthmarks on neck skin Close up detail of the bare skin Sun Exposure effect on skin, Health Effects of UV Radiation Woman with birthmarks Pigmentation

Will There Be Scarring After Surgical Mole Removal?

The degree of scarring following surgical mole removal varies based on factors like the size and location of the mole, the surgeon’s expertise, and the patient’s healing process. Usually, smaller moles and those removed from areas with looser skin result in less noticeable scarring.

Post-surgery, you might experience some pain and discomfort, which can be managed with over-the-counter or prescribed pain relief. The incision site will be covered with a dressing that needs regular changes in the initial days. Keeping the area clean and dry is crucial to prevent infection, and you should follow your surgeon’s advice on wound care, including avoiding activities that could irritate or reopen the incision.

As the wound heals, a scab will form and eventually fall off. Avoid picking at the scab to reduce scarring. Over time, the scar will fade and become less prominent. Following your surgeon’s post-operative care instructions is essential for optimal healing and minimal scarring. Additional treatments such as scar massage or laser therapy may be recommended to improve the scar’s appearance.

How Much Does a Mole Assessment and Check Cost?

The cost for a standard mole assessment and check begins at £300.

Sun exposure is a primary cause of skin cancers, so protecting your skin is vital. Avoid direct sunlight between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., and consistently use sunscreen and wear protective clothing.

Moles can be removed from any body part, including the face. Our experienced dermatologists are skilled in removing moles from sensitive and difficult-to-reach areas.

Yes, you can have a mole removed for cosmetic reasons, even if it is not suspicious. We frequently perform mole removals for aesthetic purposes unless a consultant identifies a medical concern. A consultation will be necessary to discuss the procedure. In some cases, a doctor may advise against removal if the risk of scarring outweighs the cosmetic benefit.

At The London Scar Clinic, you’re in expert hands. Our top dermatologists, doctors, surgeons, and nurses have extensive qualifications and experience. Trusted by the NHS, we handle more NHS referrals for mole removal than any other dermatology provider. During your consultation and treatment, we’ll discuss potential side effects and how to mitigate them.

The pain experienced during mole removal varies by method. For melanocytic moles, excision requires local anaesthetic injections, causing a brief, sharp scratch and burning sensation. Once numb, you will experience a pulling sensation rather than pain. Intradermal and compound nevi can be removed by excision, shaving, or laser. Excision and shaving require local anaesthetic, while laser treatment involves topical anaesthetic creams. Laser removal feels like a flick from an elastic band, while excision and shaving are painless due to anaesthesia.

Moles removed by excision, in most cases, do not recur. However, if some cells remain after shaving or laser removal, there’s a small chance the mole might reappear. If this happens, further treatment can be arranged, although one session is usually sufficient.

Atypical mole syndrome, affecting about 2% of the population, is characterised by having more than 50 moles, with at least three displaying unusual features such as size or shape. This condition involves moles composed of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells).

"Having had my first operation at another hospital for skin cancer which, unfortunately, did not achieve the desired results, I was referred to Dr Jack Mann at the Cancer Centre - Guys Hospital. I knew immediately I was in the capable and competent hands of a fine surgeon. He is professional but at the same time puts one at ease - he has a good bedside manner. My operation, needless to say, was successful and the reconstructive surgery on my face has healed well and overtime won't even be noticeable. My final words on Dr Jack Mann – Professional, competent, highly qualified in skin cancers, a brilliant surgeon with a caring personality."

"After sending a photo to my GP of a red mark on my face she advised me to see a dermatologist to see if it was skin cancer. I made an appointment with Dr Mann at once he made me feel calm with his manner. He assured me the mark was not cancer but I had a mole which needed removing. Dr Mann removed the mole – I was very anxious but he talked to me though the procedure. He is very professional at the same time has a caring and friendly manner. I would recommend Mr Mann 100%. So very glad I chose him from the list of dermatologist I was sent."

What is a Mole?